The Treblinka extermination camp was run by the SS with the help of Eastern European Trawnikis, who were collaborationist auxiliary police recruited directly from Soviet POW camps. This is a partial list of those involved in running the camp.
| Name | Rank | Function and Notes |
| Heinrich Himmler | Reichsführer | main architect of the Holocaust |
| Odilo Globocnik | SS-Hauptsturmführer and SS-Polizeiführer at the time (Captain and SS Police Chief) | head of Operation Reinhard |
| Hermann Höfle | SS-Hauptsturmführer (Captain) | coordinator of Operation Reinhard |
| Christian Wirth | SS-Hauptsturmführer at the time (Captain) | inspector for Operation Reinhard |
| Richard Thomalla | SS-Obersturmführer at the time (First Lieutenant) | head of death camp construction during Operation Reinhard |
| Erwin Lambert | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | head of gas chamber construction during Operation Reinhard (large gas chambers) |
| Theodor van Eupen | SS-Sturmbannführer (Major), Commandant of Treblinka I Arbeitslager, 15 November 1941 – July 1944 (cleanup) | head of the forced-labor camp |
| Irmfried Eberl | SS-Obersturmführer (First Lieutenant), Commandant of Treblinka II, 11 July 1942 – 26 August 1942 | transferred to Berlin due to incompetence |
| Franz Stangl | SS-Obersturmführer (First Lieutenant), 2nd Commandant of Treblinka II, 1 September 1942 – August 1943 | transferred to Treblinka from Sobibor extermination camp |
| Kurt Franz | SS-Untersturmführer (Second Lieutenant), last Commandant of Treblinka II, August (gassing) – November 1943 | promoted from deputy commandant in August 1943 following camp prisoner revolt |
| Karl Pötzinger | SS-Oberscharführer (Staff Sergeant), Deputy commandant of Treblinka II | head of cremation |
| Heinrich Matthes | SS-Scharführer (Sergeant), Deputy commandant | chief of the extermination area |
| Fritz Schmidt | SS-Sturmbannführer (Major) | gas chambers |
| Lorenz Hackenholt | SS-Hauptscharführer (Master Sergeant) | gas chambers, gas pipes |
| Kurt Küttner | SS-Oberscharführer (Staff Sergeant) | lower camp of Treblinka II |
| Willy Mätzig | SS-Oberscharführer (Staff Sergeant) | unloading ramp |
| Herbert Floss | SS-Scharführer (Sergeant) | cremation pyres |
| Erich Fuchs | SS-Scharführer (Sergeant) | generator, gassing engine |
| Josef Hirtreiter | SS-Scharführer (Sergeant) | unloading ramp terror |
| Karl Emil Ludwig | SS-Scharführer (Sergeant) | head of the Waldkommando forest brigade |
| Gustav Münzberger | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | gas chambers |
| Max Biala (de) | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | stabbed to death by inmate Meir Berliner on 11 September 1942 at roll call selection |
| Paul Bredow | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | head of Kommando Rot |
| Hans Hingst | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | gas chambers |
| Otto Horn (de) | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | corpse detail |
| Willi Mentz | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | Lazaret killing station |
| August Miete | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | Lazaret |
| Max Möller | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | Lazaret |
| Willi Post | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | Head of Ukrainian Guard, Volksdeutsche SS squad leader |
| Albert Rum (de) | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | gas chambers |
| Karl Schiffer | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | command of Ukrainian guard unit of 12 Trawnikis overseeing farmhouse construction |
| Ernst Stengelin | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | killed in attack on 14 October 1943 |
| Franz Suchomel | SS-Unterscharführer (Corporal) | Goldjuden supervisor |
| Otto Stadie | SS-Stabsscharführer (Staff Squad Leader) | camp administration |
| Ivan Marchenko | Wachmänner (Guard), presumed Ukrainian | gas chambers |
| Feodor Fedorenko | Wachmänner (Guard) | gas chambers |
Source: Wikipedia