Igor Tamm

(1895 - 1971)

Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm was a Jewish Soviet physicist and recipient of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Tamm was born in Vladivostok, Russian Empire (now Russia), studied at the grammar school in Yelisavetgrad (now Ukraine). In 1913-1914 he studied at the Edinburgh University. He graduated from the Moscow University in 1918.

He was Nobel Laureate in Physics for the year 1958 together with Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov and Ilya Mikhailovich Frank for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov-Vavilov effect.

In 1951, together with Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov, Tamm proposed a tokamak system of the realization of CTF on the basis of toroidal magnetic thermonuclear reactor and soon after the first such devices were built by the INF, resulting the T-3 Soviet magnetic confinment device from 1968, when the plasma parameters unique for that time were obtained, of showing the temperatures in their machine to be over an order of magnitude higher than what was expected by the rest of the community. The western scientists visited the experiment and varified the high temperatures and confinement, sparking a wave of optimism for the prospects of the tokamak as well as construction of new experiments, which is still the dominant magnetic confinement device today.

Tamm died in Moscow.

Sources: Wikipedia