Kfir Infantry Brigade
History
Kfir Brigade Logo |
The Kfir Infantry Brigade, subordinate to the 162nd
Division (Plada) in the Central Command, is the youngest and largest infantry brigade in the IDF. The unit was officially formed in February
2005 out of a collection of independent battalions - Nachshon, Shimshon,
Duchifat, Netzach Yehuda (Nahal Haredi), Lavi and Haruv. In addition
to its six regular battalions, Sayeret Oketz (Special K-9 unit) and
Sayeret LOTAR (Special Counter-Terrorism Unit) are also officially part
of the Kfir Brigade.
Infantry brigades provide flexibility and maneuverability
to the modern battlefield. They are capable of operating under any field
and weather conditions, day or night, combining rapid movement and firepower.
Kfir battalions are trained to fight alone, though they can be joined
with other forces and services in integrated combat. They can be transported
by helicopter, fight mounted on armored vehicles, tanks or APC's and
can operate against armor, attack helicopters and enemy infantry.
The Kfir Brigade is a major component in maintaining
Israel's security, as it specializes in anti-terror fighting and combat
within dense, urban areas. Kfir soldiers
stand at the forefront of a determined fight against terrorism and share
the burden of intense fighting. Kfir battalions are deployed in every major Palestinian city,
from Hebron in the south to Tulkarem and Jenin in the north (before the 2005 disengagement, Kfir was also located in the Gaza Strip). The brigade carries out challenging,
complex operations demanding that soldiers demonstrate a high level
of expertise, steadfastness, initiative, and determination on a daily
basis.
The soldiers of Kfir have played important roles in
both regular and special operations in Israel's war against terrorism.
Its successes have included catching suicide bombers, uncovering terrorist
headquarters and seizing illegal weapons and explosives. Units from
Kfir have also been instrumental in many high profile IDF operations,
including: Operation Defensive Shield (2002), Operation Hot Winter (2008)
and Operation Cast Lead (2009).
Kfir is one of
the five regular brigades of the Infantry Corps. This corps is responsible
for training and coordinating infantry operations with other forces and it is overseen by the Ground Corps Command, which is responsible
for unifying and streamlining infantry, armor, artillery and engineering
forces, training doctrine matters, planning and R&D.
Training
Kfir Brigade officers train in urban combat |
Soldiers in the Kfir Brigade undergo intense combat
training that prepares them for action in urban areas and fighting amongst
the local Palestinian population.
During four and a half months of basic training, the
soldiers learn the basics of army discipline and physical fitness while
becoming proficient in the use of various weapons such as the M-16,
M-4 and Tavor assault rifles. During basic training the soldiers will
also complete no fewer than ten forced marches of increasing length
that test a unit's motivation and teamwork.
After basic training, the soldiers will undergo three
months of advanced training focused on urban combat and fighting as
an integrated group. Courses on navigation, rapid response, explosives,
and fighting while mounted on armored personnel carriers are completed.
Kfir soldiers are also put through Arabic courses which enable them
to better converse with Palestinians as a major part of their operational
activities will involve direct contact with the local population. In
order to pass advanced training, each individual soldier must successfully
overcome a rigorous one mile obstacle course as well as proving a high
level of physical fitness through the army's standard PT test.
Upon completion of advanced training, the majority
of soldiers join an active duty unit in one of Kfir's six battalions.
Those selected for further training are sent to complete sniper, paramedic
or combat driving courses.
Structure
Nachshon Battalion:
The battalion was named after Nachshon Ben Aminadav, who symbolized
bravery and pioneering spirit during the biblical Exodus from Egypt.
In 1998, the IDF resolved to create a "unique" battalion whose
job is to fight in the West Bank. In November of that year, Nachshon's
first company, "Erez," was formed. The army officially announced
its formation and completed filling its ranks in February 2000. Nachshon
is responsible for the Palestinian town of Tulkarem, acting in the "Ephraim"
territorial brigade.
Shimshon Battalion:
The battalion was named after the biblical Samson, a man of intense
strength who helped protect the interests of the Jewish people. In 1989,
the Shimshon unit was formed following the Intifada in the areas of
Judea and Samaria and the Gaza Strip. In 1995, with the transfer of
Gaza City to Palestinian autonomy, Shimshon's undercover ambush unit
was dismantled. In November 1997, a decision was accepted in the IDF
to form a regular infantry battalion that will operate in Gaza, the
Shimshon Battalion. The unit was stationed in Gaza until Israel's unilateral disengagement in August 2005. Shimshon now assumes responsibility for
the Palestinian town of Bethlehem and operates in the Etzion territorial
brigade.
Netzah Yehuda Battalion:
In 1999, the army launched the Netzah Yehuda initiative which was designed
to provide a suitable environment for the enlistment of soldiers from
the Haredi population into the Israel Defense Forces. The project was
founded with the cooperation of the Netzah Yehuda Rabbinical Association,
the Defense Ministry's Nahal and Youth Branch, and the IDF. In its infancy,
Netzah Yehuda served as a company in the Nahal's Brigade 903. In 2002,
it became an independent battalion. The battalion provides its soldiers
with a setting suited to the religious community and its beliefs. In
this setting the rules of conduct concerning modesty and Jewish religious
law are respected and kept. In 2002 Netzah Yehuda began operating as
a combat operational battalion, in the area of the Jordan valley where
they were responsible for operations in the Palestinian city of Jericho
and Tubas. Thanks to the unit's many operational successes from 2002
to 2008, Netzah Yehuda was transferred and now assumes responsibility
for the Palestinian city of Jenin.
Lavi Battalion:
The battalion was formed towards the end of the 90's, when the IDF sought
to assign each battalion with a sector in order to create complete familiarity
and specialization with the terrain. The battalion is responsible for
the southern Mt. Hebron area and the city of Hebron, situated in the
Judea territorial brigade.
Duchifat Battalion:
The battalion was named after Sayeret Duchifat, the Duchifat Reconnaissance
Unit. During the War of Attrition, it was common belief in the IDF that
there was no future for armored vehicles in the military. And so, Sayeret
Duchifat was turned into a reservists unit. This reconnaissance unit
fought in the Yom Kippur War and was then disassembled for the last
time. In the Peace for Galilee Campaign, the unit's veterans were drafted
to form a young reservist anti-tank brigade, along with past reconnaissance
combatants and various volunteers. In a single hour the brigade destroyed
about eighty enemy tanks and two helicopters. As part of the military
lessons learned after the war, it was decided to establish a regular
army anti-tank battalion which was named "Duchifat". Every
since its formal formation in 1992, Duchifat Battalion has been operating
as a mechanized infantry battalion under the Armor Brigade, which carries
out high-quality security operations in the area of Judea and Samaria.
Duchifat is tasked with security responsibilities in the Palestinian
town of Ramallah, in the Binyamin territorial brigade.
Haruv Battalion:
In 1966, former Chief of Staff Yitzhak Rabin first proposed the formation
of "Sayeret Haruv," the Haruv Reconnaissance Unit. This unit
specialized in routine security operations along the Jordanian border.
It was during this period that the "pursuit" mode of combat
was developed in the Jordan Valley - a section which goes by the nickname
of "Land of Pursuits" nowadays. The Haruv Battalion was re-established
as an infantry battalion in 1995. The Battalion assumes responsibility
for the Palestinian town of Nablus, and operates in the Samaria territorial
brigade.
Sources: Israel
Defense Forces |